Glossary entry (derived from question below)
Mar 11 08:50
2 mos ago
40 viewers *
Spanish term
Foros
Spanish to English
Social Sciences
History
land ownership
Term appears in a text about the history of a manor house (pazo) in Galicia. The text itself is in Galician, but the term appears in similar contexts in Spanish. It appears to refer to a type of "feudal" system used in the region, where a contract was drawn up that tied a farmer to a landowner in exchange for the use of a portion of land. Payment for the land usually took the form of a percentage of the agricultural output. Contracts of this type could last for several generations and existed up to the early 20th century.
Any help very gratefully received.
Any help very gratefully received.
Proposed translations
(English)
| 3 +6 | foros |
Jane Martin
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| 4 +4 | fiefs |
Muriel Vasconcellos
|
References
| see |
liz askew
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| Foros /furos |
neilmac
|
Proposed translations
+6
11 mins
Selected
foros
I think I would leave this untranslated (in italics) as any equivalent term like tenant farm, long-term lease etc. does not exactly describe what it is. This is the approach taken in this book.
Most Galegos rented their lands through long-term leases known as foros. These leases generally provided the owner with fixed rents for the lives of three kings. Only in wine-growing areas were rents proportional to the harvest.17 Under the foral system, peasants could work, pass down, and sublease the land as if it were their own. Moreover, whatever the land produced (the usufruct) was often constituted as separate from both the ownership and the actual control of the land. Foro-owning peasants could pass the land to one heir and the usufruct to another. As a result, one person might own the land, another might be the signatory on the foro, and a third person might have the rights to whatever that land produced.
https://academic.oup.com/book/10017/chapter/157414189
Most Galegos rented their lands through long-term leases known as foros. These leases generally provided the owner with fixed rents for the lives of three kings. Only in wine-growing areas were rents proportional to the harvest.17 Under the foral system, peasants could work, pass down, and sublease the land as if it were their own. Moreover, whatever the land produced (the usufruct) was often constituted as separate from both the ownership and the actual control of the land. Foro-owning peasants could pass the land to one heir and the usufruct to another. As a result, one person might own the land, another might be the signatory on the foro, and a third person might have the rights to whatever that land produced.
https://academic.oup.com/book/10017/chapter/157414189
4 KudoZ points awarded for this answer.
Comment: "I opted for this suggestion. Jane (and other contributors) got it right. The term is very specific to the region and to a type of agreement between landlord and tenant. The client hasn't had an attack of hysterics (yet), so I'd say that the untranslated term (with a brief explanation) seems to work.
My apologies for not providing more context. The text itself was written in very dense academic Galician, and I was a bit worried about people understanding. In my defence, I'd say that the term also appears in quite a few Spanish texts. But anyway, sorry if the lack of context made things a bit more difficult.
Anyway, many thanks to you all, especially for the speedy replies."
+4
10 mins
Muriel Vasconcellos
United States
United States
Native in English
United States
Each translation a gem!
Native in: English (Variant: US) 
Works in: Spanish to English, Portuguese to English
Related KudoZ points
:
50
fiefs
Wikipedia:
In broad terms a lord was a noble who held land, a vassal was a person granted possession of the land by the lord, and the land was known as a *fief*. In exchange for the use of the fief and protection by the lord, the vassal provided some sort of service to the lord.
In broad terms a lord was a noble who held land, a vassal was a person granted possession of the land by the lord, and the land was known as a *fief*. In exchange for the use of the fief and protection by the lord, the vassal provided some sort of service to the lord.
Peer comment(s):
| agree |
Andrew Bramhall
30 mins
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Thank you!
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| agree |
Angie Garbarino
32 mins
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Thank you!
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| agree |
Delia Salazar
3 hrs
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Thank you!
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| agree |
neilmac
1 day 30 mins
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Thank you, Neil!
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Reference comments
6 hrs
Reference:
see
foral rights
https://www.proz.com/kudoz/spanish-to-english/government-pol...
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Note added at 6 heures (2024-03-11 15:03:48 GMT)
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https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=a6kNvtHr4V8C&pg=PA7&lpg=...
medieval Carta de poboamento Carta foral de Padrón (Fernando Contrato de foro O SISTEMA FORAL A organización do sistema O Un subforo de 1437
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Note added at 6 heures (2024-03-11 15:20:36 GMT)
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https://www.jstor.org/stable/209715
Until recent years owners of the pazos exacted foros or feudal tolls from the surrounding proprietor-tenants.
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Note added at 6 heures (2024-03-11 15:23:17 GMT)
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"the foro contract"
https://brill.com/display/book/9789004476110/B9789004476110_...
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Note added at 6 heures (2024-03-11 15:25:44 GMT)
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https://iegps.csic.es/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/2022-M-Garc...
by M GARCÍA-FERNÁNDEZ · Cited by 1 — *****especially foros (in Galician, or fueros in Castilian, being longterm feudal contracts*****) which were useful in establishing social, economic ...
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Note added at 6 heures (2024-03-11 15:27:51 GMT)
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https://www.amazon.co.uk/Beyond-Market-Transactions-1200-130...
They use a Data Base to register 2500 'foros', the typical Galician land contract and more than 8000 people and their goods. The thesis of the authors is ...
https://www.proz.com/kudoz/spanish-to-english/government-pol...
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 6 heures (2024-03-11 15:03:48 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=a6kNvtHr4V8C&pg=PA7&lpg=...
medieval Carta de poboamento Carta foral de Padrón (Fernando Contrato de foro O SISTEMA FORAL A organización do sistema O Un subforo de 1437
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 6 heures (2024-03-11 15:20:36 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
https://www.jstor.org/stable/209715
Until recent years owners of the pazos exacted foros or feudal tolls from the surrounding proprietor-tenants.
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 6 heures (2024-03-11 15:23:17 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
"the foro contract"
https://brill.com/display/book/9789004476110/B9789004476110_...
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 6 heures (2024-03-11 15:25:44 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
https://iegps.csic.es/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/2022-M-Garc...
by M GARCÍA-FERNÁNDEZ · Cited by 1 — *****especially foros (in Galician, or fueros in Castilian, being longterm feudal contracts*****) which were useful in establishing social, economic ...
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 6 heures (2024-03-11 15:27:51 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
https://www.amazon.co.uk/Beyond-Market-Transactions-1200-130...
They use a Data Base to register 2500 'foros', the typical Galician land contract and more than 8000 people and their goods. The thesis of the authors is ...
1 day 38 mins
Reference:
Foros /furos
It looks like a Galician version of "fueros"....
"The Spanish term fuero has a wide range of meanings, depending upon its context. It has meant a compilation of laws, especially a local or regional one; a set of laws specific to an identified class or estate (for example fuero militar, comparable to a military code of justice, or fuero eclesiástico, specific to the Roman Catholic Church)."
"The Spanish term fuero has a wide range of meanings, depending upon its context. It has meant a compilation of laws, especially a local or regional one; a set of laws specific to an identified class or estate (for example fuero militar, comparable to a military code of justice, or fuero eclesiástico, specific to the Roman Catholic Church)."
Reference:
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